连接ESP8266的DHT温湿度传感器

硬件准备

温湿度传感器：dht11/dht22

操作步骤

1. 硬件连接
2. 读取温湿度
3. 向MQTT服务器发送温度值
4. HomeAssistant中的配置
5. 8266中的自启动运行

参考

• 开发板管脚

  

• mqtt连接逻辑

  

• 程序

  import dht
  import machine
  import time
  from ubinascii import hexlify
  from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient
  
  # 初始化一个温湿度传感器, 温湿度传感器连接4号GPIO
  DHT = dht.DHT11(machine.Pin(4))
  
  # CLIENT_ID: 每个mqtt客户端有自己独立的client_id标识
  # 无所谓是什么，但不同客户端不能相同。此处我们使用8266的unique_id
  client_id = hexlify(machine.unique_id()).decode()
  mqtt_broker = "192.168.31.193"
  mqtt_user = 'pi'
  mqtt_password = 'hachina'
  
  # 温度和湿度在mqtt服务器上的主题位置
  TEMPERATURE_TOPIC = "my/test/dht/temperature"
  HUMIDITY_TOPIC = "my/test/dht/humidity"
  
  # 等待15秒，wifi自动连接上再运行
  time.sleep(15)
  
  mqtt = MQTTClient( client_id, mqtt_broker, 1883, mqtt_user, mqtt_password )
  mqtt.connect()
  print("连接到服务器：{s}".format(s=mqtt_broker))
  
  while True:
      # 不断循环，每10秒测量一次温度和湿度，发布到mqtt服务器上
      try:
          DHT.measure()
      except:
          print("No dht sensor connected to Pin(%d)"%(PIN_NO))
          break
      print("测量到温度：%d；湿度：%d"%(DHT.temperature(),DHT.humidity()))
  
      # mqtt发布信息
      mqtt.publish( TEMPERATURE_TOPIC, str(DHT.temperature()).encode(), retain=True)
      mqtt.publish( HUMIDITY_TOPIC, str(DHT.humidity()).encode(), retain=True)
      time.sleep(10)
  

• HomeAssistant中配置

  sensor mqtt:
    - platform: mqtt
      name: "dht-T"
      state_topic: "my/test/dht/temperature"
      unit_of_measurement: "°C"
    - platform: mqtt
      name: "dht-H"
      state_topic: "my/test/dht/humidity"
      unit_of_measurement: "%"
  

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